基于多体动力学的汽轮机振动声辐射机理及传递路径研究
作者:
作者单位:

上海电气电站设备有限公司

基金项目:

基于相位共轭方法的多目标噪声源在复杂声场中分离和识别研究


Research on the Vibration and Sound Radiation Mechanism and Transmission Path of Steam Turbines Based on Multibody Dynamics
Author:
Affiliation:

Shanghai Electric Power Station Equipment Co., Ltd

Fund Project:

Research on Separation and Identification of Multiple Target Noise Sources in Complex Sound Fields Based on Phase Conjugation Method

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    摘要:

    【研究目的】:汽轮机组减振降噪的前提在于对振动噪声产生机理和传递路径的分析,通过降低振动幅值,提高汽轮机组的工作效率;【方法】:常规的船舶结构振动噪声分析中,激励源数据通常采用实验法或经验公式法获得,这类方法存在计算分析误差。利用多体动力学方法进行汽轮机机械振动激励源精确分析,在激励源分析结果的基础上研究低频激励下的机组振动响应,并采用ATV方法研究汽轮机组表面与外场辐射的声压传递贡献量,从多体动力学的角度与流固耦合的方法综合分析了汽轮机组振动噪声产生机理并研究噪声典型传递路径。【结果】:研究结果表明,旋转激励源为汽轮机组的主要振动激励源,在低频段汽轮机组辐射模式为单极子,中高频段汽轮机组辐射模式为偶极子。由噪声辐射的指向性极坐标图可以看出,在不同高度处噪声指向性相似,并都在长度方向上取得噪声声压级较大值,具有较强的指向性。【结论】:研究方法对对汽轮机组的减振降噪优化设计具有一定的指导意义。

    Abstract:

    【Research Purpose】: The vibration of steam turbine units is transmitted to the ship through the connecting structure of the ship, stimulating the vibration of the ship, and even causing fatigue damage to key components. The prerequisite for vibration reduction and noise reduction of steam turbine units is to analyze the mechanism and transmission path of vibration and noise, thereby reducing the vibration amplitude, and improving the working efficiency of steam turbine units; In conventional vibration analysis of ship structures, excitation source data is usually obtained using experimental or empirical formula methods, which may result in computational analysis errors. 【Method】: The multi body dynamics method was used to accurately analyze the mechanical vibration excitation sources of steam turbines. The results of excitation source analysis were used for the first time to study the vibration response under low-frequency excitation. ATV was used to describe the sound pressure contribution of the calculation unit of the sound field system. From the perspective of multi body dynamics and the method of fluid structure coupling, the mechanism of vibration and noise generation in steam turbine units was comprehensively analyzed, and typical transmission paths of noise were studied, providing reference for vibration reduction and noise reduction. 【Result】: The research results indicate that the rotating excitation source is the main vibration excitation source of the steam turbine unit. From the polar plot of noise radiation directionality, it can be seen that the noise directionality is similar at different heights, and larger noise sound pressure levels are obtained in the length direction, indicating strong directionality. 【Conclusion】: The research method has certain guiding significance for the vibration reduction optimization design of steam turbine units.

    参考文献
    [1] 程勒, 张曦. 汽轮机组声特性的拓展分析与探讨[J].发电设备, 1996(10):15-20+43-44.
    [2] 胡建涛. 600MW汽轮发电机组转子轴系振动特性研究[D].华北电力大学, 2013.
    [3] 张印. 船用汽轮机组转子振动问题分析[J].科技创新与生产力, 2016(07): 73-74.
    [4] 王志鹏, 符栋梁, 钟焱. 叶轮对汽轮机叶片振动特性的影响分析[J].噪声与振动控制,2014,34(06):94-96.
    [5] 李增刚. SYSNOISE Rev5. 详解[M].国防工业出版社,2005:168-175.
    [6] 陈侯京. 基于ATV的舰船结构声压贡献量分析与优化方法[D].中国舰船研究院, 2015.
    [7] 刘强. 基于路面激励传递路径对车内噪声的影响及优化研究[D].天津科技大学, 2017.
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  • 收稿日期:2023-08-13
  • 最后修改日期:2023-09-15
  • 录用日期:2023-09-18